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Wieland is an epistolary novel, and was written by Charles Brockden Brown in 1798. The story begins with a family whom originates from England and settles in America. The characters are faithful Puritan’s, and possess very strict values towards God. Three Puritan values include obedience to God, putting God over all other aspects of life, and Excessiveness. Wieland is the central character throughout the story. Pleyel, Carwin, and Clara are the other main characters of the book. There are two main conflicts throughout the story. The first involves Pleyel and Clara. In this case Wieland accuses them of improper conduct because he misunderstands one of their conversations. This accusation leads to the second conflict in which Wieland murders his wife Clara. Unfortunately, these conflicts create tremendous struggle between faith and science for Wieland. In the end, Wieland’s struggle between science and faith is overcome by scientific evidence, and leads to his death.
The basis of science is governed by the physical laws that exist in the world around us. Therefore by using science, factual evidence is arrived upon and accumulated. In the story, Wieland hears a voice prompting him to kill his family. He believes this voice to be the voice of God. Scientific laws do not support any possibility of direct communication with God. So therefore, the thought of hearing voices seems outlandish unless Wieland is insane. People believe science because it produces evidence, and evidence is factual and usually visual. In this case science is proven when Carwin later admits to Wieland that he in fact played tricks, by throwing his voice. Science also governs the law of the world by using evidence to prove guilt or innocence. Scientific law states that assault on other human beings is wrong in any case except self defense. The law does not accept sacrifice as a justifiable homicide. Wieland kills his family for sacrifice to God. According to Scientific law, Wieland is wrong. Even according to Puritan law Wieland is wrong, unless he can prove that he has a direct communication with God. Even in that situation he would have no way to collect evidence. So, through the use of science Wieland was wrong to kill his family. Wieland eventually accepts his wrong doings and commits suicide.
Puritan values are guided by faith, and since Wieland is faithful he seems to uphold his values. One of which includes putting God over all other aspects of life. Wieland upholds this value by doing what he thought God told him to do. He kills his family. It is obvious that he does not want to kill and he truly loves his wife when he states, “My wife! I exclaimed: O God! substitute some other victim. Make me not the butcher of my wife. My own blood is cheap.”. The only reason that Wieland sacrifices his family is to uphold his faith. He also shows obedience to God and excessiveness by sacrificing his family. Before he kills Clara he shows his obedience to God when he states, “It is needless to say that God is the object of my supreme passion. I have cherished, in his presence, a single and upright heart. I have thirsted for the knowledge of his will. I have burnt with ardour to approve my faith and my obedience.” Wieland seems to be upholding his puritan values, but this can been proven wrong. The biblical story of Abraham and Isaac shares a story in which Abraham intends on sacrificing Isaac, but God stops him and offers a ram for the Isaac. This story differs from Wieland because no harm is done to Isaac. One of the Ten Commandments is “though shall not murder”. If Wieland had used some reasoning, he would have seen that God surely would not want Wieland to harm his family.
Wieland is insane, and scientific evidence is the proof. Faith versus science forms a terrific struggle for Wieland. He first believes that he is being a good Puritan by upholding his faith and values, even though he struggles. Wieland struggles with his faith when God asked him to kill his wife. He states, “This is too much! Any victim but this, and thy will be done. Have I not sufficiently attested my faith and my obedience?”. As shown here he is capable of reasoning because he questions his faith, and he knows it is wrong to murder his wife. This means he is capable of reasoning that God is just, and God would certainly not want him to kill Clara. As the story advances, Wieland sees some of the evidence as to why he should not have killed Clara and becomes confused. At the end of the book he finally sees his wrong doing, and commits suicide. This proves that Wieland saw scientific evidence that proved his guilt. Therefore, science wins in his struggle with faith and science.
In conclusion, Wieland deals with several conflicts in this story that eventually tears him down. His struggle is a path of difficult decisions that walk a tight line between his values and science. Using enlightenment values, including reasoning, it is easy to see his insanity. Puritans were people also, and sane people can reason. So the only reason Wieland could not reason that he should not kill his wife is that he was insane.
Works Cited
Brown, Charles Brockden. Wieland and Memoirs of Carwin the Biloquist. New York: Penguin Books, 1991.
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